Traditional and Alternative Materials Used in Visual Design

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Arts media is the material and tools used by an artist, composer or designer to create a work of art,^[1] for example, "pen and ink" where the pen is the tool and the ink is the material. Here is a list of types of art and the media used within those types.

Architecture [edit]

Cement, concrete, mortar
Cob
Glass
Metal
Stone, brick
Wood

Carpentry [edit]

Adhesives
Wood (timber)

Ceramics [edit]

Bone china
Clay
Glaze
Porcelain
Pottery
Terracotta

Drawing [edit]

Common drawing materials [edit]

Acrylic paint
Chalk
Charcoal
Conté
Crayon
Gouache
Graphite
Ink
Oil paint
Glass paint
Pastel
Pixel
Sketch
Tempera
Watercolor
Glitter

Common supports (surfaces) for drawing [edit]

Canvas
Card stock
Concrete
Fabric
Glass
Human body
Metal
Paper
Plaster
Scratchboard
Stone
Vellum
Wood

Common drawing tools and methods [edit]

Brush
Finger
Pen
Ballpoint pen
Fountain pen
Gel pen
Technical pen
Marker
Pencil
Mechanical pencil (clutch, screw, and ratchet)
Colored pencil
Stylus
Charcoal

Electronic [edit]

Graphic art software and 3D computer graphics
Word processors and desktop publishing software
Digital photography and digital cinematography
Specialized input devices (e.g. variable pressure sensing tablets and touchscreens)
Digital printing
Programming languages

Film [edit]

Animation
Computer animation and computer-generated imagery
Video art and its subsets single-channel video and video installation

Food [edit]

A chef's tools and equipment, including ovens, stoves, grills, and griddles. Specialty equipment may be used, including salamanders, French tops, woks, tandoors, and induction burners.

Glass [edit]

Glassblowing, colouring and marking methods.

Installation [edit]

Installation art is a site-specific form of sculpture that can be created with any material. An installation can occupy a large amount of space, create an ambience, transform/disrupt the space, exist in the space. One way to distinguish an installation from a sculpture (this may not apply to every installation) is to try to imagine it in a different space. If the objects present difficulties in a different space than the original, it is probably an installation.

Literature [edit]

Traditional writing media [edit]

Digital word processor
Internet websites
Letterpress printing
Computer printers
Marker
Pen and ink or *quill
Pencil

Common bases for writing [edit]

Card stock
Paper, perhaps ruled
Vellum

Natural world [edit]

Floral design
Rock
Soil
Vegetation
Water

Painting [edit]

Common paint media [edit]

Acrylic paint
Blacklight paint
Encaustic paint
Fresco
Gesso
Glaze
Gouache
Ink
Latex paint
Magna paint
Oil paint
Primer
Stencil
Ink wash (sumi-e)
Tempera or poster paint
Vinyl paint (toxic/poisonous)
Vitreous enamel
Watercolor

Uncommon paint media [edit]

Human hair and blood
Various bodily fluids and excrement including elephant dung
Solar energy
Garlic
Rust
Coffee
Onion
Coconut juice
Mud
Black palm
Tomato
Soy sauce
Staple wire
Ochre (Yellow, red, white or charcoal)

Supports for painting [edit]

Architectural structures
Canvas
Ceramics
Cloth
Glass
Human body (typically for tattoos)
Metal
Paper
Paperboard
Vellum
Wall
Wood

Common tools and methods [edit]

Action painting
Aerosol paint
Airbrush
Batik
Brush
Cloth
Paint roller or paint pad
Palette knife
Sponge

Mural techniques [edit]

Muralists use many of the same media as panel painters, but due to the scale of their works, use different techniques. Some such techniques include:

Aerosol paint
Digital painting
Fresco
Image projector
Mosaic
Pounce art

Graphic narrative media [edit]

Comics creators use many of the same media as traditional painters.

Performing arts [edit]

The performing arts is a form of entertainment that is created by the artist's own body, face and presence as a medium. There are many skills and genres of performance; dance, theatre and re-enactment being examples. Performance art is a performance that may not present a conventional formal linear narrative.

Photography [edit]

In photography a photosensitive surface is used to capture an optical still image, usually utilizing a lens to focus light. Some media include:

Digital image sensor
Photographic film
Potassium dichromate
Potassium ferricyanide and ferric ammonium citrate
Silver nitrate

Printmaking [edit]

In the art of printmaking, "media" tends to refer to the technique used to create a print. Common media include:

Aquatint
Collotype
Computer printing
- Dye-sublimation printer
- Inkjet printer (sometimes called giclée printing)
- Laser printer
- Solid ink printer
- Thermal printer
Embossing
Engraving
Etching
Intaglio (printmaking)
Letterpress (literature)
Linocut
Lithography
Mezzotint
Moku hanga
Monotype
Offset printing
Photographic printing
Planographic printing
Printing press
Relief printing
- Linocut
- Metalcut
- Relief etching
- Wood engraving
- Woodcut
Screen-printing
Woodblock printing

Sculpture [edit]

In sculpting, a solid structure and textured surface is shaped or combined using substances and components, to form a three-dimensional object. The size of a sculptured work can be built very big and could be considered as architecture, although more commonly a large statue or bust, and can be crafted very small and intricate as jewellery, ornaments and decorative reliefs.

Materials [edit]

Carving media [edit]

Bone carving
Bronze
Gemstones
Glass
Granite
Ice
Ivory
Marble
Plaster
Stone
Wax
Wood

Casting media [edit]

Cement
Ceramics
Metal
Plaster
Plastic
Synthetic resin
Wax

Modeling media [edit]

Clay
Papier-mâché
Plaster
Sand
Styrofoam

Assembled media [edit]

Beads
Corrugated fiberboard (cardboard)
Edible material
Foil
Found objects
Glue and other adhesives
Paperboard
Textile
Wire
Wood

Finishing materials [edit]

Acids to create a patina (corrosive)
Glaze
Polychrome
Wax

Tools [edit]

Bristle brush
Chisel and hammer (modern pneumatic)
Clamp or vise
Hammer or mallet (modern pneumatic)
Kiln for heating ceramics and metals
Knife
Pliers
Potter's wheel
Power tools
Sandpaper
Saw
Scraper
Snips
Welding and cutting torch
Wirecutter

Sound [edit]

The art of sound can be singular or a combination of speech or objects and crafted instruments, to create sounds, rhythms and music for a range of sonic hearing purposes. See also music and sound art.

Technical products [edit]

The use of technical products as an art medium is a merging of applied art and science, that may involve aesthetics, efficiency and ergonomics using various materials.

Textiles [edit]

In the art of textiles a soft and flexible material of fibers or yarn is formed by spinning wool, flax, cotton, or other material on a spinning wheel and crocheting, knitting, macramé (knotting), weaving, or pressing fibres together (felt) to create a work.

References [edit]

^ Tate. "Medium – Art Term". Tate . Retrieved 2019-02-10 .

External links [edit]

Media (artists' materials) — definition from the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.
Artistic Medium, Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy

Look up media or medium in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

Traditional and Alternative Materials Used in Visual Design

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_art_media